Failure to Warn Claims in Georgia

Product Recall problem warning signage for production industry.

In Georgia, a “failure to warn” claim arises when someone is injured or suffers damages due to a dangerous condition on a property or a defective product. This type of claim can arise in product liability cases where a product was sold without proper warnings about potential risks, and in premises liability cases where a property owner fails to warn visitors about known dangerous conditions on the property. In both scenarios, injured parties can seek compensation by proving that the responsible party was aware of the danger, had a duty to provide adequate warnings, and failed to do so resulting in the party’s injury. Below, we’ll explore failure to warn claims in Georgia, focusing on both premises and product liability cases, the elements of a successful claim, and recent trends in Georgia’s legal landscape.

What Is a Failure to Warn Claim?

A failure to warn claim arises when an individual is injured because they were not adequately informed of a foreseeable danger associated with a product or property. The basis for these claims is the notion that people have the right to be warned of any potential risks they may face so they can make informed choices about whether to proceed.

  1. Product Liability Cases: In the context of product liability, failure to warn claims are brought when a manufacturer or distributor neglects to provide adequate warnings or instructions about the risks of using their product. For example, a pharmaceutical company may be held liable if it fails to inform consumers of dangerous side effects associated with a drug.
  2. Premises Liability Cases: In premises liability, failure to warn claims apply to property owners who do not alert visitors to hazards on their property, such as wet floors, steep staircases, or other dangerous conditions. For instance, a grocery store may be liable if it fails to put up a wet floor sign and a customer slips and falls.

What are the Elements of a Product Liability Failure to Warn Claim in Georgia?

In Georgia, as in many other states, certain elements must be established to successfully bring a product liability failure to warn claim. These elements include:

  1.  Duty to Warn: The defendant (product manufacturer or distributor) has had a duty to warn the plaintiff about the risk. This means they were in a position to know about the risk and were responsible for informing others about it. See, Wilson Foods Corp. v. Turner, 218 Ga. App. 74, 75 (1995).
  2. Breach of Duty: The warnings provided were either nonexistent, insufficient, or unclear, leading the plaintiff to be unaware of the danger. A breach occurs by “(1) failing to adequately communicate the warning to the ultimate user or (2) failing to provide an adequate warning of the product’s potential risks.” Key Safety Sys. v. Bruner, 334 Ga. App. 717, 719 (2015).
  3. Causation: The lack of warning must be directly linked to the injury. “A mere possibility of such causation is not enough.” Blondell v. Courtney Station, 300 LLC, 362 Ga. App. 1, 7 (2021). In other words, the plaintiff must show that the harm could have been prevented had they been properly warned.
  4. Foreseeability: The defendant must have been aware or reasonably could have been aware that the risk existed and that it posed a danger to users. See, Wilson Foods Corp. v. Turner, 218 Ga. App. 74, 75 (1995).
  5. Damages: Finally, the plaintiff must show that they suffered actual harm or injury as a result of the lack of warning.

Each of these elements must be met to establish liability in a failure to warn case.

Example Cases of Product Liability Failure to Warn

  1. Medications and Medical Devices: Numerous failure to warn cases related to pharmaceuticals are filed in Georgia every year. For instance, if a drug manufacturer fails to disclose severe side effects that could occur with their product, they could be held liable if a consumer suffers those side effects and had no prior warning. See Swinney v. Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. et al. 
  2. Industrial Machinery: In cases involving industrial equipment, failure to warn claims arise if the manufacturer does not provide an adequate warning as to the dangers presented by using the equipment. For instance, in 2016, a worker brought a failure to warn claim against the manufacturer of an industrial conveyer system alleging that it was foreseeable that a user might stand in a non-designated working area, which could result in the user becoming entangled in the conveyer system and sustaining catastrophic injuries.  See Dennis v. D&F Equipment Sales, Inc.

What are the Key Elements of Premises-Based Failure to Warn Claims?

For a successful failure to warn claim in Georgia premises liability cases, the injured party must prove the following elements:

  1. Duty to Warn: The property owner or manager owed a duty of care to the injured party. Georgia law differentiates between invitees, licensees, and trespassers, with the highest duty of care owed to invitees (those on the property for a business purpose or mutual benefit). For invitees, property owners must exercise ordinary care to keep the property safe and warn of potential dangers. Licensees (those who enter for their own purposes) are owed a lesser duty, while trespassers are rarely owed any duty except in certain situations.
  2. Knowledge of the Hazard: The property owner must have known or reasonably should have known about the dangerous condition. This is often called “constructive notice,” meaning the hazard existed long enough that a reasonable property owner would have noticed and addressed it. See Moran v. Team Elite Realty, 361 Ga. App. 329 (2021). For example, a restaurant owner may be liable if a spill was left unattended long enough for a reasonable employee to have noticed and cleaned it up.
  3. Failure to Warn: The property owner must have failed to provide an adequate warning of the danger. This could mean not placing a warning sign near a hazard, such as failing to put up a “Wet Floor” sign when mopping. Georgia law requires a property owner to “to give a warning adequate to enable the [visitor on] the premises to avoid harm where the danger is not apparent. See Card v. Dublin Constr. Co., 337 Ga. App. 804, 807 (2016).  In cases where a hazard cannot be immediately remedied, such as ongoing construction, warning signs, barriers, or caution tape may be necessary.
  4. Injury Caused by the Hazard: “Causation is always an essential element in slip or trip and fall cases.” Richardson v. Mapoles, 339 Ga. App. 870, 872 (2016). The injured party must show that the hazardous condition and the lack of warning directly caused their injuries. For example, if a visitor trips over a broken step that was unmarked and suffers a broken ankle, they would need to prove that the lack of warning about the damaged step was the direct cause of their injury.

Common Premises Liability Situations Involving Failure to Warn

Several common scenarios in Georgia can lead to failure to warn claims in premises liability cases:

  • Slip and Fall Accidents: These are among the most frequent premises liability claims. A store or restaurant may be liable if it fails to warn customers about a wet or slippery floor, uneven surfaces, or ice on walkways.
  • Unsafe Conditions in Apartment Complexes: Landlords and property managers are responsible for warning tenants and visitors about dangers in common areas, such as broken stair railings, poorly lit hallways, or uneven walkways.
  • Hazardous Construction Zones: Property owners undertaking renovations or repairs must warn visitors of potential dangers, like exposed wiring or unstable flooring, that could lead to injury.
  • Swimming Pool Accidents: Public pools, hotel pools, and apartment complexes with pools must have adequate signage warning about depth levels, the absence of lifeguards, or slippery surfaces to avoid injuries.

Notable Georgia Cases on Failure to Warn in Premises Liability

Several significant cases in Georgia have helped define the scope of a property owner’s duty to warn:

  • Robinson v. Kroger Co. (1997): This case is one of the most influential Georgia premises liability cases. A woman slipped on water in a Kroger store, and the Georgia Supreme Court ultimately ruled that property owners have a duty to exercise ordinary care in keeping premises safe for invitees. This case clarified that property owners must be proactive in detecting and warning about hazards, even if a visitor also has a responsibility to look out for potential dangers.
  • Ga. Trails & Rentals, Inc. v. Rogers (2021): In this case, the plaintiff was injured while riding his dirt bike at a track owned by Ga. Trails. The Plaintiff ran off of the side of the track and landed on an uncovered drainage culvert, which almost amputated the Plaintiff’s leg. A Georgia jury found that the property owner was liable for failing to repair the culvert and also failing to warn the Plaintiff about this danger by marking it with some sort of flag or cone.
  • Sturbridge Partners, Ltd. v. Walker (1997): This case involved an apartment complex owner’s liability after a tenant was assaulted on the property. While not strictly a failure to warn case, the Georgia Supreme Court held that landlords must take reasonable steps to ensure tenants’ safety if they are aware of heightened risks, which can include warnings about potential dangers.

What are the Defenses in Premises-Based Failure to Warn Claims?

Property owners often raise certain defenses in response to failure to warn claims in Georgia premises liability cases. These include:

  • Open and Obvious Danger: Property owners are generally not required to warn about dangers that are considered open and obvious to a reasonable person. For example, a large hole in the ground that is clearly visible may not require a warning sign because Georgia law presumes that the a visitor would see the hazard and appreciate the danger, thereby having equal knowledge of the potential harm. See Valdosta State Univ. v. Davis, 356 Ga. App. 397 (2020).
  • Comparative Negligence: Georgia follows a modified comparative negligence rule. A visitor must also exercise care for his or her own safety. If the injured party is found partially at fault for their injuries, their recovery may be reduced by their percentage of fault. If they are 50% or more at fault, they may be barred from recovery altogether. For example, if a person is texting and not paying attention to their surroundings when they slip on an unmarked wet floor, a court may find them partially responsible for their injuries. In Georgia, a Plaintiff cannot recover if he is 50% or more at fault for his injuries. O.C.G.A. § 51-12-33(g).
  • Lack of Constructive Knowledge: Property owners may also argue they were unaware of the hazardous condition and had no reasonable opportunity to discover it. For example, if a spill occurred just minutes before an accident, the owner might argue they did not have enough time to address it or put up a warning. See The Kroger Co. v. Schoenhoff, 324 Ga. App. 619 (2013).

Importance of Adequate Warnings on Properties in Georgia

Failure to warn cases underscore the importance of proactive communication from property owners and manufacturers. These cases remind us that those with knowledge of a hazard have an obligation to take steps to minimize risk to consumers, visitors, employees, and tenants by utilizing timely, visible warnings about any known dangers.

For those injured due to a failure to warn, Georgia law provides a means to seek compensation, but a thorough investigation and strong evidence are essential to proving one’s failure to uphold their duty of care. Victims need the support of qualified and experienced legal counsel on their side. The experienced personal injury attorneys at Williams Elleby Howard & Easter work hard to get victims the compensation they deserve.

Located in Kennesaw, Georgia, Williams Elleby Howard & Easter serves clients throughout the State of Georgia. If you or a loved one has suffered an injury due to a failure to warn, the attorneys at Williams, Elleby, Howard, & Easter can help you understand what possible claims you may have and work to get you the compensation you deserve. To schedule a free consultation, call 833-534-2542 today.

Georgia Personal Injury Claims and AI

A glowing AI micro precessor chip floating just above a dark circuit board.

What is AI? In its most basic sense, AI is artificial “intelligence” that allows machines or computers to perform tasks that would normally require human intelligence. Google Cloud gives us a straight-forward analysis of AI that includes brief answers to questions like: How does AI work? What types of AI exist? How does AI learn? What are some benefits of AI? 

AI can benefit our lives in many ways, but we should proceed with caution, especially when utilizing AI in conjunction with personal injury claims. When it comes to personal injury claims, this author, believes that current AI technology is a flawed tool for estimating the value of a person injury claim. My law partner and I dig into the “Why” in this video:

Don’t have time for a ten-minute video, no problem. Let’s take a real-world case example to understand the “Why”:

I provided Microsoft Copilot with the following prompt:

What is the value of a personal injury case with the following facts in the State of Georgia? A man visits a restaurant/bar and consumes 7 alcoholic drinks over a 4-hour period. When the bar closed, an employee asked the man to take some items outside. The man did so and was unintentionally locked out of the bar. It was very cold and raining outside. The man attempted to gain re-entry by knocking on the door and calling the employee. He was unsuccessful. Therefore, he tried to walk around the building to gain access through a rear entrance. As he walked around the building, he fell 11 feet off a concrete retaining wall and sustained significant injuries. The retaining wall was located in a dark unlit area of the property. The bar owner knew the retaining wall was a hazard; yet, no guards or railing were placed around the retaining wall. The most severe injuries were a moderate TBI and lower back disk injury. He was hospitalized for 5 days and incurred approximately $350,000 in medical bills. What is this case worth?

I received the following Answer:

I’m really sorry to hear about the injuries sustained in this incident. Determining the exact value of a personal injury case can be complex and depends on various factors, including the severity of the injuries, medical expenses, lost wages, and pain and suffering.

Given the details you’ve provided, the case involves significant injuries, including a moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) and a lower back disk injury, with substantial medical bills of approximately $350,000. In Georgia, personal injury settlements can vary widely, but severe injury cases can sometimes reach settlements in the range of $200,000 to $500,000 or more.

It’s important to consult with a personal injury attorney who can evaluate all aspects of the case, including liability, negligence, and the extent of damages, to provide a more accurate estimate.

Would you like some help finding a reputable personal injury attorney in Georgia?

There is a lot to unpack here but I must start with the fact that CoPilot undervalued this case by over $4,000,000.00. This is the actual jury verdict our firm obtained in December of 2023 showing exactly what a 12-person jury awarded in a case with these facts:

A redacted legal document, specifically of a verdict form from a personal injury case in Cobb County Georgia where the plaintiff was found 25 percent at fault and the defendant was 75 percent at fault.
A piece of paper showing showing a Cobb County Georgia jury award of $1,840,000 on 12/15/2023.

You can learn more about this specific case here:     

But, I digress. Why, in this example does AI attempt to provide a numerical answer? Perhaps, it is because I asked it to. But why not answer the question in a way that acknowledges AI’s current shortcomings? An answer that simply encouraged me to seek the advice of an experienced lawyer would be more helpful and minimize the risk that I would be misled by the response.

The injured person would need to consult an experienced lawyer and discuss several issues that would arise in a case like this. So, what are some variables an experienced lawyer should consider in estimating case value?

  1. How can Georgia’s comparative fault laws effect a personal injury recovery? In Georgia, a jury can allocate percentages of fault between the Plaintiff, Defendant, and Non-Parties. The juries’ allocation of fault between those persons will determine whether the Plaintiff may recover and whether the Plaintiff’s total damages will be reduced. Georgia’s comparative negligence laws, would completely bar a recovery if the jury determined that the Plaintiff was 50% or more at fault. O.C.G.A. § 51-12-33(g). If the jury found the Plaintiff to be more than 0% but less than 50% at fault, the judge would be required to reduce the total damages awarded to the Plaintiff in proportion to his or her percentage of fault.
  2. Where would the lawsuit be filed? In legal circles, we call that “jurisdiction” and “venue.” Jurisdiction and venue matter! If a federal court has jurisdiction over the case, a lawyer must be admitted to practice before that court and intimately familiar with its local rules. Also, if a state court has jurisdiction, a lawyer must know what county is appropriate for filing suit. This is referred to as “venue.” Jury verdicts vary tremendously between counties in the State of Georgia and, on average, there is a clear difference in the amounts awarded by juries in traditionally conservative venues versus progressive venues.
  3. What is the legal status of the injured person? Was he an invitee, licensee, or trespasser? The duty owed by a property owner is different depending on whether the injured person is a business customer (invitee), social guest (licensee), or trespasser.
  4. Does the amount of time someone will suffer from the injury affect case value? Yes! The lawyer needs to determine whether the injuries are permanent. This is done by consulting with reputable medical professionals who can offer opinions about how the injuries will affect, if at all, the injured person over the remaining years of his or her life. Juries tend to award higher damages if the injured person suffers from his or her injuries for a long period of time.
  5. What if I’m injured, and the property has no insurance? If the property owner or occupier has no unencumbered assets and no insurance, the injured person may not want to bring a claim. After all, the “value” of the case is $0, if there is no person, entity, or insurer to pay for the damages. However, if the property owner has sufficient liability insurance to pay for the injured person’s damages, it may be worthwhile to bring a personal injury claim.

The list of variables one must consider when estimating the value of an injury case is lengthy, but the lesson here is that everyone should use extreme caution when using AI to assign “value” to personal injury claims. AI’s ability to provide an accurate response is limited by the information it is provided. If the person who submits an inquiry to AI does not know the proper variables to include in a question, he or she is likely to receive an inaccurate answer. AI is also limited by what it has “learned” and what information is available when it formulates an answer. AI will undoubtedly make many aspects of our lives easier, but it has a long way to go before it can be relied upon to provide reliable legal advice.

CoPilot did acknowledge that “It’s important to consult with a personal injury attorney who can evaluate all aspects of the case…” Kuddos to CoPilot for acknowledging this important fact; however, CoPilot made a monumental error that could harm the consumer by offering to find a “reputable” personal injury attorney in Georgia. I responded, “Yes” (and am not including CoPilot’s response here because I do not feel it is appropriate to provide additional publicity to one of the firms that was recommended).

CoPilot recommended four personal injury law firms. One of those firms was highly reputable and I would not hesitate to hire them for my own case. However, one of the firms is being sued in a class action in the State Court of Gwinnett County, Georgia for violating O.C.G.A. § 33-24-53 (Unlawful Solicitation of Personal Injury Victims), O.C.G.A. § 16-14-4 (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act), and O.C.G.A. § 10-1-391 (Fair Business Practices Act). The style of the case can be found on the Georgia Court of Appeals website. Why would CoPilot recommend a law firm that is facing such accusations?

All in all, if you are injured and curious about the value of your case, don’t trust AI to provide a value or to recommend a law firm. Do your own research. Talk to lawyers and search for credible information on law firm websites and YouTube Channels. Many reputable law firms provide accurate and free information if you simply look for it. For example, you can find advice on anything from finding the right lawyer for your case to What is a Neck Injury Worth to How Long Will My Workers Compensation Case Take?

The decisions one makes after a personal injury will greatly impact his or her finances. Those decisions should be made with the advice of a reputable and experienced lawyer. CoPilot and I agree on this basic principle. Call a good lawyer. It won’t hurt.

The Impact of Falling Objects: Legal Rights and Compensation

Man with both hands on head, looking straight at the camera.

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistic (BLS), approximately 2.8 million workers are injured on the job each year, and more than 5,000 are killed. Many of these accidents are caused by falling objects. In fact, the United States Department of Labor has labeled falling objects as one of construction’s “fatal four” types of accidents. If you or a loved one has been injured by a falling object at a work site, you should be aware of your legal rights and options. Williams, Elleby, Howard, & Easter is dedicated to getting accident victims the compensation they deserve. To schedule a free case evaluation, call 833-LEGALGA today.

Falling Object Injuries on Work Sites

Whenever work is being done on multiple levels, there is always the risk that debris will fall or objects will be dropped. Employers have a duty under OSHA regulations to maintain a safe work site and ensure that workers have the proper protective gear. For example, OSHA Standard 1910.219 provides a long list of requirements to guard against handheld machinery used in overhead work causing injury. While, OSHA Standard 1917.112 requires the use of toeboards around edges of walkways to prevent objects from rolling off and injuring people below. Workers have a right to request an OSHA safety inspection if they feel conditions are unsafe, and employers are forbidden from retaliating against workers that make such a request.

Ultimately, however, for workers covered by Georgia’s Workers Compensation Law, a determination of fault is ultimately irrelevant in most cases. This is because Georgia workers automatically receive benefits when they are injured on the job, regardless of who is at fault. However, compensation is also limited.

Georgia’s Workers’ Compensation Law

Workers’ compensation functions by providing workers injured on the job with automatic compensation for harm and with benefits if they become disabled. Workers’ compensation insurance also provides benefits to dependents if a worker dies as a result of a job-related injury. The tradeoff, however, is that workers are prohibited from bringing lawsuits against employers (or co-workers) if they suffer harm in the course and scope of their employment.

Determining whether workers’ compensation applies is often complicated. In the State of Georgia, any employer with three or more employees is required to carry workers’ compensation insurance. When jobs utilize contractors and subcontractors, it is often unclear at first whether a particular worker will be covered by the law. The experienced personal injury attorneys at Williams Elleby, help worksite accident victims navigate the law so that their rights are protected.

Non-Worker Victims of Harm

Non-workers are not covered by Georgia’s Workers’ Compensation Law. For instance, if a pedestrian strolling past a construction site is struck by a falling object, she is free to bring a negligence claim against the party or parties responsible for dropping the object. She could also bring a premises liability claim against the owner of the property where the injury occurred.

Premises Liability vs Negligence: Who is Responsible

When a non-worker is injured by a falling object, she can bring a claim against any responsible parties. Many times, the person who drops the object is not the owner of the property where the injury occurs. In this situation, an injured party could have claims against both the person who dropped the object as well as the property owner.

First, the claim against the person who dropped the tool would be a simple negligence claim. In pursuing this claim, a skilled attorney would examine whether the person who dropped the tool took reasonable precautions to guard against dropping the object. The attorney could look to OSHA standards that might apply to the jobsite in question. For instance, OSHA Regulations require that construction sites employee a number of fall protection measures when erecting or working on scaffolding.  The attorney could then analyze whether the negligent party properly complied with the regulations to show that the worker did not act reasonably while completing work at the site.

Examples of Overhead Work Protection Measures:

  • OSHA Standard 1926.105 requires the use of overhead safety netting when work is completed more than 25 feet above the ground.
  • OSHA Standard 1910.145 requires the use of warning signs to warn of the risk associated with falling objects on a job site.
  • OSHA Standard 1917-112(d) requires the use of toeboards, or raised edges, to prevent items from rolling off of the edge while working overhead.

Second, there could be a premises liability claim against the owner of the property where the injury occurred. Premises liability claims can be brought when property owners are at fault for failing to keep dangerous conditions off their property. O.C.G.A § 51-3-1 provides that a landowner must take reasonable steps to keep its premises safe. Again, a skilled attorney could use the OSHA Regulations to show that the landowner was aware that work was taking place and failed to ensure that the proper safety protocols were met to prevent injury to people walking below.

Damages in a Personal Injury Suit

The final step in the process is determining the dollar amount of the injured person’s damages. Georgia personal injury law is intended to fully compensate victims for their harm. Compensation from a personal injury lawsuit, also called damages, is intended to pay for things like medical expenses, lost wages, and pain and suffering. In cases where a defendant exhibited intentional or reckless conduct, punitive damages may be available. However, injury claims covered by the Georgia Workers’ Compensation Law will be strictly limited to the compensation permitted under that law.  Georgia Worker’s Compensation Law provides a specific award schedule that dictates how much a worker’s injury is worth.

However, when a non-worker is injured, the measure of damages is more fluid. A skilled attorney can utilize the injured party’s medical bills, along with evidence of missed time from work, and general pain and suffering to advocate for a more accurate measure of damages. The attorney is able to make specific arguments about how long it took for the injured party to recover. The length of recovery is important as the attorney can attach a dollar amount to the time spent recovering. Attorneys also rely on witness testimony and other evidence to paint a vivid picture of how the injury affected the injured party. This provides the jury with a detailed perspective of the injury and the suffering it caused.

Real World Experience  

A few years ago, we were contacted by a man, Mr. Smith, who sustained a skull fracture when a tool hit him in the head while he was working at a retail store. Upon further investigation, we learned that Mr. Smith’s employer sent him to clean the floors at the retail store. Mr. Smith walked into a closet to get some supplies and was struck in the head by a falling tool. Unbeknownst to him, a man from another company was climbing a ladder inside the closet and dropped a tool, which struck Mr. Smith in the head.

This workplace injury involved all three claims we have discussed in this article- a workers compensation claim, a premises claim, and a negligence claim. First, Mr. Smith was on the job when the injury occurred. Therefore, we brought a workers compensation claim to obtain the benefits afforded to Mr. Smith under Georgia’s workers compensation system. Secondarily, we brought a premises claim against the retail store where Mr. Smith was working for failing to keep its premises safe. Finally, we brought negligence claims against both the worker who dropped the tool for failing to exercise due care in transporting the tool up the ladder and his employer for failing to adequately train its employee.

During the litigation, we argued that all parties involved violated multiple OSHA regulations on the date of the incident. We used those rules to point out that each of the defendants could have taken relatively simple actions to prevent this catastrophic injury from occurring. For example, the retail store could have required workers to post a sign warning of overhead work taking place or the worker climbing the ladder could have utilized a rope and bucket method to raise his tools up the ladder. As a result, we were able to successfully prove that the store, the worker, and the worker’s employer negligently breached their duty of care to Mr. Smith.

We also relied on the medical opinions of Mr. Smith’s treating physicians to prove that the tool hitting Mr. Smith caused his injuries. These opinions were crucial in proving Mr. Smith’s damages. We relied on these records to highlight the significance of the trauma, the need for surgical repair of Mr. Smith’s neck, and the permanence of his injuries. Normally, we would take a deposition of the treating physicians to elicit testimony as to whether the incident in question caused our client’s injury. However, here we were able to rely on Mr. Smith’s medical records because they clearly stated that Mr. Smith’s injuries were caused by the tool hitting him on the head.

We spent hours investigating and researching these issues to make sure we painted a clear picture of the injury, liability, and damages involved with this case. As a result, we utilized this information to secure a significant settlement for Mr. Smith that would compensate him for his injuries.

For More Information, Contact Williams Elleby Howard & Easter

Worksite accidents can be devastating, particularly when caused by falling objects. Victims need the support of qualified and experienced legal counsel on their side. The experienced personal injury attorneys at Williams Elleby Howard & Easter work hard to get accident victims the compensation they deserve.

Located in Kennesaw, Georgia, Williams, Elleby, Howard, & Easter serves clients throughout the State of Georgia. If you or a loved one has suffered an injury at a work site due to a falling object, the attorneys at Williams, Elleby, Howard, & Easter can help you understand what possible claims you may have and work to get you the compensation you deserve. To schedule a free consultation, call 833-534-2542 today.

$6,440,000 Personal Injury Verdict Awarded in Cobb County, GA

A judges wooden gavel is resting on top of the left side of a red hardcover book with the word LAW in gold writting writting with a white paper rolled into a scroll with the words Personal Injury wrtting on the scroll.

A Georgia jury in the State Court of Cobb County awarded a man post-apportionment damages of $3.45 million with an additional $1.84 million in attorney’s fees for injuries he sustained after falling into an unguarded concrete pit beside a golf course clubhouse in Hiram, Georgia.

Insurance Company Rejects Lower Settlement Offers

The verdict came after the Defendant’s insurer rejected numerous offers to settle for less than the insurance policy limits. Plaintiff’s counsel, Joel Williams of Williams Elleby Howard & Easter and Matthew Stoddard of The Stoddard Firm, said that multiple attempts to settle the case were made throughout the course of litigation, culminating with Plaintiff proposing a high-low agreement of $465,000 – $1.5 million after closing arguments (The high low agreement would have limited the Defendant’s exposure to $1.5 million [an amount within the insurance policy limits] if the verdict were for a higher amount but guaranteed the Plaintiff at least $465,000 if the verdict was for less). However, the Defendant’s insurance company declined all of Plaintiff’s offers to settle within its insured’s policy limits, forcing the case to trial and subsequent verdict.

The case was defended by Beth Bentley and Bill Casey of Swift, Currie, McGhee, & Hiers. Stoddard and Williams were complimentary of the professionalism displayed by Bentley and Casey. Williams’ stated, “Beth and Bill are excellent lawyers that did the best they could with a tough set of facts.”

Facts Leading to Fall from Unguarded Concrete Pit

The case initiated from an incident on February 6, 2021, when Plaintiff was invited to a country club in Hiram, GA to pick up his girlfriend who was the bar & grill manager at the club. The Plaintiff arrived at the bar and had some drinks while waiting for his girlfriend to finish her shift. As the bar was closing, Plaintiff’s manager/girlfriend asked him to go put some DJ equipment in his truck. The plaintiff walked outside and put the equipment in his truck. It was a cold and rainy night, so Plaintiff wanted to get back inside. He tried to re-enter the bar & grill, but the Defendant’s employees had locked all the doors and turned off all exterior lights. Plaintiff attempted to call his girlfriend to open the door.

When Plaintiff’s phone calls went unanswered, he decided to walk around the building and see if any other doors were unlocked. He made it around one side of the building when he fell nearly 12 feet from an unguarded retaining wall and into a concrete pit where he landed on his head, broke multiple bones, and sustained a brain injury. In this picture, emergency worker’s can be seen attending to the injured Plaintiff at the bottom of the dark and unguarded pit:

A white building with a deck, without any lights on, in the night.

Plaintiff’s Injuries

Plaintiff was rushed to the emergency room where he spent nearly a week in the hospital. Upon release, he began treating with an orthopedic surgeon who eventually recommended that he undergo a cervical fusion surgery. He had the procedure and recovered well. However, his life was forever changed by the seriousness of his permanent injuries. Plaintiff’s past medical bills at the time of trial were about $362,000.00.

Defendant Failed to Act on Warnings

Testimony revealed that approximately four months prior to the fall, the Defendant hired a landscaping company to remove bushes and trees that acted as a natural barrier around the edges of the concrete pit. The bushes can be seen in this photo (sorry, the picture quality is poor but it is the best picture available):

Picture of bushes and trees in front of a building.

At the time of removal, the landscape company warned Defendant that the pit was dangerous and that they should install a fence to guard the pit. There was also evidence that the unguarded pit violated municipal safety codes previously adopted by the City of Hiram. In additional to violating safety codes, the evidence showed that the Defendant had another concrete pit on the opposite side of its building that was guarded by a metal railing as shown in this photograph:

There is a railing beside a paved concrete slab in front of a white building with a deck.

Furthermore, one of Defendant’s employees testified that she observed children playing tag near the pit. Another employee testified that Defendant discussed concerns about a drunk person falling into the pit at a management meeting prior to the fall. The Defendant’s owner, testified that safety was the company’s number one priority and that the Defendant intended to place a fence along the pit due to safety concerns. Despite all this, a fence was not installed before Plaintiff’s fall because it remained on a to-do “list” while the company completed other projects during its “slow season.” Shockingly, some of those other projects included installing decorative split rail fencing around other areas of the golf course.

The Defenses

Stoddard and Williams said the Defense asserted a plethora of defenses. The defense argued that Plaintiff was a trespasser who never paid for his drinks (despite testimony from the club manager that he saw a tab with Plaintiff’s name on it); that Plaintiff was drunk at the time of the fall; that Plaintiff should have used his phone’s flashlight to see where he was going; that Plaintiff was not allowed on the part of the property where the fall occurred; that Plaintiff left a path and walked through the woods to reach the pit; and finally, that Plaintiff’s spinal injuries were degenerative and not caused by the fall.

Trial Begins

Trial began on December 18, 2023, before Judge Jane Manning in the State Court of Cobb County. Plaintiff’s counsel relied on testimony from Plaintiff, his ex-girlfriend/bar manager, the landscaper, ex-company employees, and Plaintiff’s treating physicians. Defense counsel called two of the Defendant’s employees, along with a code expert, toxicology expert, and neurologist to dispute liability and causation.

In the lead up to trial and throughout, Plaintiff continued to make offers within Defendant’s policy limits to resolve the case. However, Defendants declined all of Plaintiff’s offers, never offering more than $585,000. After a four-day trial, the jury spent about five hours deliberating before returning a verdict for $4,600,000 in compensatory damages. The jury apportioned 25 percent of the fault to Plaintiff, reducing the total compensatory award to $3,450,000. The jury also found there was bad faith in the underlying transaction and awarded $1,840,000 in attorney’s fees pursuant to O.C.G.A. § 13-6-11. In awarding attorney’s fees, the jury found that the Defendant’s conduct demonstrated a conscious indifference to the consequences of its actions (i.e. failing to act on its admitted knowledge of the danger, its failure to heed warnings from its landscaping contractor, its failure to comply with code, and other things).

A redacted legal document, specifically of a verdict form from a personal injury case in Cobb County Georgia where the plaintiff was found 25 percent at fault and the defendant was 75 percent at fault.
A piece of paper showing showing a jury award of $1,840,000 on 12/15/2023.

Stoddard and Williams agree that this is a very sad case involving serious life altering injuries and that this tragedy is made worse by the fact that the Defendant is now facing a judgment that exceeds its insurance limits due to its insurer’s refusal to accept multiple settlement offers within its insurance limits. Plaintiff’s counsel, Joel Williams, explained, “This is the perfect example of what happens when insurance companies refuse to protect their insureds. Insurance companies readily accept our premium payments but they often fall short when we need them to do what we pay them to do: Protect us, and our assets, when we face liability claims. Special interest groups love to blame lawyers for so-called “nuclear” or “excess” verdicts but the truth is that we would rarely see large jury verdicts if insurance companies would accept reasonable settlement offers and protect their insureds when they are given an opportunity to do so, as we did numerous times prior to the verdict in this case.”

Hotel Premises Liability Cases

hotel liability case

Understanding Hotel Premises Liability Cases

Georgia is a unique state in terms of its geography, history and culture. According to the Georgia Department of Economic Development, our state welcomed a record 111.7 million visitors in 2018. Millions of these people stayed in our hotels, and Georgia tourism has become a $68.96 billion industry.

The hotel industry profits enormously from tourism and travel in Georgia. In return, hotels that do business in Georgia have a duty to keep their hotels safe for visitors. Despite this duty, thousands of personal injuries occur each year in Georgia hotels. Some of these accidents are unavoidable, and other times hotel patrons irresponsibly cause harm to themselves in ways the hotel can’t control. But in a majority of cases, a hotel is at fault for failing to maintain the safety of the hotel premise.

Georgia Premises Liability Claims Against Hotels

Premises liability claims in Georgia derive from Title 51 Chapter 3 Section 1 of the Official Code of Georgia. This law holds that when landowners invite others onto their property, including when hotels invite people to stay in the hotel, they must “exercise ordinary care in keeping the premises and approaches safe.” This duty of ordinary care means hotel rooms and other hotel spaces must be free from conditions that could cause harm. It also means hotels must take reasonable precautions to maintain hotel security and ensure areas like workout rooms and swimming pools are safe for guests.

When is a Hotel Liable for Injuries?

There are many instances in which a hotel may be liable, and there are a few cases that have taken place in our area. If you’ve been harmed because of an unsafe condition that existed in a hotel, you may be entitled to compensation. The key to determining if a hotel is liable for the harm depends on whether the hotel failed to “exercise ordinary care.” There are several important factors that go into this determination, including:

  1. The condition that caused the harm must be dangerous or unreasonable
  2. The hotel must have failed to remedy the condition and/or failed to warn hotel patrons about the risk, even though it had the opportunity to do so
  3. The dangerous condition must have caused the harm

What is Involved in a Hotel Premises Liability Case?

These elements may seem simple, but hotel premises liability cases are often highly complex and hotly contested. Hotels will fight tooth and nail to avoid liability in court. Hotels that are a part of a larger chain may put up a particularly tough fight. Proving that a condition was dangerous and that it was the cause of the harm often requires expert witnesses and eyewitness testimony. In some cases, a medical expert may also be necessary to explain to the court exactly how the hotel defect caused the harm.

However, it is not enough to prove that a dangerous condition existed and caused the harm. A hotel must have negligently failed to fix the problem. This means it must be proved that a hotel knew or should have known about the condition and failed to fix the problem or warn patrons about it.

Georgia courts follow the “superior knowledge” doctrine, which holds that a hotel must have had superior knowledge of the dangerous condition when compared to the plaintiff. Therefore, if a plaintiff was aware of the danger but ignored the risk, the business may not be liable, even if they knew or should have known about the risk. Proving that a hotel could have or should have remedied the problem can also require large amounts of evidence, such as hotel records or surveillance footage.

If You’ve Been Injured While Staying at a Georgia Hotel, Call Williams Elleby Howard & Easter Today to Discuss Your Case

If you or a loved one has been injured in a Georgia hotel, the legal team at Williams Elleby Howard & Easter can help you get the compensation you deserve. Williams Elleby Howard & Easter offers free consultations and accepts cases on a contingency fee basis. Located in Kennesaw, Georgia, Williams Elleby Howard & Easter represents clients in all areas of Georgia. To discuss your case, call 833-LEGALGA (833-534-2542).

 

The Importance of Expert Testimony in Slip and Fall Cases

slip fall testimony expert witness

You’ve slipped and fallen on or near the property of a business due to a dangerous condition. You were paying attention and behaving reasonably, but you fell nonetheless because the business owner negligently permitted a dangerous condition to exist. You suffered an injury as a result, causing you to accrue medical bills, lose out on wages, and endure pain and suffering.

Under these facts, you may think it would be simple enough to gain compensation for your harm from the responsible business. After all, property owners have a duty to ensure that their premises are safe, and when they fall short of that duty, the law says they must compensate any victims that suffered harm as a result. However, slip and fall cases are rarely that simple.

Property owners will often hotly contest every issue in a case. Whether a condition was unreasonably dangerous, whether a condition was the cause of the fall, and whether medical bills and other damages are properly attributed to the slip and fall can all be surprisingly complex questions to answer. To win slip and fall cases, plaintiffs often need to have qualified expert witnesses testifying on their side. Expert witnesses can help explain complex issues to the court, and they are often persuasive to both judges and jurors alike.

The Use of Expert Testimony in Slip and Fall Cases

Depending on the facts of a case, a plaintiff may need to rely on multiple experts to prove their claim. There are the primary functions that an expert witness can serve in a slip and fall case:

• Establishing that a dangerous condition existed. While some conditions are obviously unreasonably dangerous, a closer inspection is required to make this determination for others. For instance, whether flooring, stairs, railings, or construction defects constitute a dangerous condition can depend on the precise risk presented and prevailing safety standards. Experts trained in engineering or that have deep knowledge of building codes can help a court understand why certain conditions should be considered unreasonably dangerous.

• Demonstrating causation. Slip and fall accidents can cause a range of injuries. Some of these injuries can be extremely serious, even fatal. Judges and jurors may not always understand how a slip and fall can cause serious injuries. Accident reconstruction or medical experts can help show how the injury complained of was in fact caused by the fall and not by some other incident.

• Proving damages. Damages are the award of compensation given to a plaintiff that wins their case. In every personal injury case, the plaintiff must prove the amount of damages owed to them. This means that a plaintiff must prove that all of their medical expenses stemmed from the accident, which almost always requires the expert testimony of a doctor. A medical or vocational expert can also be used to help the court determine a fair amount of damages for lost wages.

Injury Victims Need a Well Connected and Experienced Personal Injury Attorney

The difference between prevailing and losing a personal injury case can often turn on whether the plaintiff had effective expert testimony on his or her side. This is especially true when the defense offers expert testimony of its own. Injury victims need an experienced personal injury attorney that has connections to the types of expert witnesses that can inform and persuade the court effectively.

Williams Elleby Howard & Easter, understands the importance of expert testimony in slip and fall cases. The experienced slip and fall injury attorneys at Williams Elleby Howard & Easter, diligently ensure that their clients have the expert support they need in every case.

If You’ve Suffered a Slip and Fall, Contact Williams Elleby Howard & Easter, Today

If you or a loved one has suffered a slip and fall, it is imperative that you have the support of a qualified and experienced personal injury lawyer. Williams Elleby Howard & Easter, can help you understand your legal rights and options, and work to get you the compensation you deserve.
Our firm has an extensive track record of success getting slip and fall victims the compensation they deserve. Williams Elleby Howard & Easter offers free case evaluations and serves clients throughout the State of Georgia. Call us today to discuss your case at 833-LEGALGA.

Negligent Security at Sports Venues

negligent security sports venues

Negligent Security at Sports Venues

On April 14th, 2017, the Atlanta Braves beat the San Diego Padres in their season home opener at the brand new SunTrust Park in Cobb County. Just three days later, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution reported that the first arrest had been made at new Braves stadium. The culprit was arrested for trespassing, obstructing a law enforcement officer, public intoxication, and assault.

Unfortunately, such behavior is not uncommon at sporting events. The alcohol, adrenaline, and passion that can make the events more fun also present the risk of helping escalate a situation to violence. Violent crimes and even deaths have occurred at sports venues. In one tragic case, a 22 year old Phillies baseball fan was beaten to death in the parking lot of the Citizens Bank Park in Philadelphia in the culmination of a fight that began over spilled beer.

Not only will fans occasionally get out of control, but some criminals also target large sporting events. The huge numbers of people available to victimize and the anonymity provided by large crowds make sporting events a tempting location for thieves. Keeping yourself and your property safe at sports venues is important. While you have a duty to look out for yourself, sports venues also have a duty to prevent crime from occurring in the first place.

The Legal Duty of Sports Venues to the Attending Fans

The duty of a sports venue to provide proper security for fans stems from premises liability law. In Georgia, the general premises liability rule is found in Georgia Code 51-3-1, which holds that “Where an owner or occupier of land, by express or implied invitation, induces or leads others to come upon his premises for any lawful purpose, he is liable in damages to such persons for injuries caused by his failure to exercise ordinary care in keeping the premises and approaches safe.”

Thus, a sports venue has a duty to prevent foreseeable harm to the attendants. Georgia case law has clarified that this duty includes taking reasonable steps to keep invitees safe from the criminal acts of third parties. As Georgia courts have put it, property owners are “bound to anticipate and provide against what usually happens and what is likely to happen.” Because acts of violence and theft are common at sporting events, sports venues have a duty to provide security to prevent such actions. But, importantly, a plaintiff will not be successful with the claim if the particular crime was unforeseeable.

A sports venue also has a duty properly hire security guards. The guards or company that the sports venue contracts with to provide security must be competent to do the job. A sports venue is liable under a theory of negligent hiring if it knew or should have known the security hired was not suited for the job.

What to do if You’ve Been a Victim of Crime at a Sports Venue

If you have been the victim of a crime at a sports venue, you should contact an experienced attorney to investigate your case. The sports venue may owe you compensation. If you would like more information about this issue or would like to discuss your case, contact Williams Elleby Howard & Easter, at (409) 389-1035 today to schedule a free consultation.

What Is Negligent Security?

The back of a woman with short brown hair, standing inside a store, holding both hands up, with a man facing her, wearing a black mask, pointing a gun at her.

What Is Negligent Security?

Business owners have an obligation to keep their customers and visitors safe. This duty extends to keeping the floors clean and dry, so you do not trip and fall and maintaining walkways and guardrails.

What many people do not realize, however, is that the duty to keep customers and visitors safe can also extend to keeping you safe against the actions of other people. That means that if you are robbed, assaulted, or otherwise harmed on someone else’s property, you may have a claim for negligent security against the property owner.

Duty to Provide Security

A property owner who invites guests onto his or her property has a responsibility to provide guests with basic security. This includes simple preventative measures to prevent crime. While not all crime can ever be completely prevented, business owners are obligated to make an effort to deter crime. Common items associated with preventing crime include:

  • Installing lights in parking lots or other open locations
  • Using security cameras
  • Silent alarm access for employees
  • A sign that indicates limited amounts of cash in the register
  • Limiting access with key cards or guards

The duty to provide sufficient security is often associated with the knowledge that similar incidents have previously occurred, or a business is located in a higher crime area. In those cases, the business owners may be required to take extra steps to increase security because of the relative amount of crime in the geographical location.

Proving Negligent Security

A successful negligent security case obviously involves proving negligence. The standard for negligence is that the person or entity at fault did not act reasonably in a particular situation.

The business must take reasonable measures to protect its visitors or guests. In areas that have higher crime rates, having increased protections are reasonable. In other regions, basic protections may be enough.

In some cases, however, the property owner takes no action to keep their property safe. This is particularly true for some apartment complexes. These cases are especially egregious and often result in successful negligent security claims.

Every successful negligent security claim must prove the following four items:

  1. The defendant property owner has a duty to ensure the safety of guests or visitors. This requirement is generally easy to meet because this is true of virtually every property owner. In some situations, a property owner will hire this type of service out; however, that usually does not affect the fact that it is still their duty.
  2. The second thing that you must show is that the obligation to provide security was somehow breached. It could be that a vital aspect of the security was missing or that something or someone was not doing a job properly.
  3. The breach of the duty ultimately must have caused your injuries or damages. This is typically proven by showing that the failure to act reasonably created an environment where the criminal assailant felt comfortable committing a crime.
  4. You must have suffered actual injuries. You must show that you were physically or mentally injured because of the failure to provide proper security measures.

In Georgia, juries may apportion a percentage of fault to the criminal.  This means that a jury could find the property owners 50% at fault and the criminal 50% at fault.  This normally means that you will recover 50% of your total damages because most criminals do not have the financial resources to satisfy a substantial judgment.

Negligent security claims are far more common than most people realize. If you feel that you may have a claim after an assault, robbery, or other third-party action, contact Williams Elleby Howard & Easter at 833-LEGALGA today to set up an appointment.

Are Businesses Liable for Crimes in Parking Lots?

An armed, masked man, wearing all black, pointing a gun at a car window.

Masked Assailant Pistol-Whips, Robs Woman in Shopping Center Parking Lot

In a possible case of negligent security, a masked assailant beat and robbed a woman outside of a shopping center in Cobb County on Saturday, August 19, according to Fox 5 Atlanta. The man pistol-whipped the woman and took her purse, according the victim. The woman has asked news sources not to identify her because police have yet to apprehend any suspects and the attacker remains at large. There are currently no reports that the woman required hospitalization or that her current medical condition is serious.

Catherine’s Surveillance Camera Didn’t Capture Crime

The attack occurred in the parking lot outside of a Catherine’s on the East-West Connector in Austell after 4 o’clock on Saturday. After the victim’s mother went inside the store to shop, the victim remained sitting in the car in the parking lot. A masked man opened the door to the car, got in, sat down, and ordered her to drive. The woman refused, at which point the masked man beat her on the head, shoulders, and arms with his pistol, before taking her purse and leaving the vehicle. The manager of the Catherine’s told reporters that while the store has a surveillance camera, the incident probably will not appear on camera.

Georgia Law Holds Businesses Responsible for Negligent Security

While The Atlanta Journal-Constitution reports that some local governments are installing security cameras, many businesses lack sufficient security surveillance. Georgia law holds property owners liable for taking reasonable care to prevent injuries to their tenants and customers. That includes taking steps to avoid criminal activity that might harm customers who visit a property. If property owners are aware of violent crimes happening on their property or on nearby properties, the property owner is responsible for taking reasonable steps to secure their property. A victim of such a crime could sue the property owner for negligent security. One of the standard steps for commercial businesses to take is to install surveillance cameras in areas where crimes are likely to occur, such as parking lots and alleyways. Other common security measures include installing lighting in poorly-lit areas and hiring security guards.

Is the Shopping Center Liable for Negligent Security?

Is the property owner liable for negligent security in a case like the one that occurred Saturday in Austell? This depends on several different factors. First, did the property owner know that such a crime might occur? The answer depends on whether there have been crimes in the area previously. If crimes have happened in the parking lot or the vicinity of the business in the recent past, then the property owner probably was aware that such a crime might occur. Second, did the property owner take reasonable steps to secure the property against crime? It’s not completely clear here whether Catherine’s or other businesses in the shopping center had properly secured the area. For example, it’s possible that the owner of the shopping center should have installed surveillance cameras facing the area of the shopping center parking lot where the crime occurred. It’s also possible that the presence of a private security guard would have prevented the crime have occurring. If so, and if the shopping center failed to take these measures, they might be liable for negligent security.

Contact Us for Help

If you or someone you know has been the victim of a crime on someone else’s property, you need legal assistance from a professional. Get in touch with an experienced negligent security attorney at Williams Elleby Howard & Easter in Cobb County today to get the compensation you deserve.

Frequently Asked Questions Answered: Premises Liability

A tree root growing out of a sidewalk made of bricks.
Premises liability law governs the responsibilities of landowners and occupiers of land in guarding against hazardous conditions on their property. In other words, negligent property owners may be liable for injuries and accidents that occur on their property. Slip and fall cases are by far the most common type of premises liability cases, but there are several other cases, including, but not limited to: ● Accidents caused by road and sidewalk defects ● Dog bite injuries ● Icy or slippery entranceways ● Asbestos exposure ● Inadequate/negligent security ● Elevator, escalator, and stairway accidents ● Swimming pool accidents You may be able to file a premises liability lawsuit if you entered another person’s property legally and were injured through no fault of your own.

How Much Is My Premises Liability Case Worth?

It is difficult to predict how much a case will be worth because of the range of injuries that might be sustained. For severe injuries, such as spinal cord or brain injuries, settlements may reach millions of dollars and Georgia currently has no cap on compensatory damages in personal injury cases. Depending on the type of injuries sustained, it may be possible to receive compensation to cover medical bills, lost income, mental distress, punitive damages, and pain and suffering.

What Do I Need To Prove To Win A Premises Liability Case?

In order to succeed on a claim for damages in a personal injury premises liability case, you must prove the following: ● There were hazardous conditions on the owner’s property; ● The property owner knew or should have known about the hazardous conditions that caused the accident and should have taken action to prevent any injuries; ● The injury was caused by the dangerous conditions; ● There were losses were associated with the injury, either through medical expenses or loss of income, etc.

Will I Need To Go To Court?

Although premises liability cases can go to court, a majority of cases are settled before going to trial. Before filing a lawsuit, you would either submit a claim to the property owner or occupier’s insurance company. At this point, negotiations would commence to reach a settlement both parties can agree on. If no settlement can be reached, you would have the option of taking the case to court.  Trial Attorney Joel Williams has handled numerous personal injury cases against insurance companies and obtained big verdicts.

How Much Time Do I Have To File A Lawsuit?

Any person seeking damages for injuries sustained in a premises liability case must adhere to the Georgia statute of limitations. For most injuries the action must be taken within two years from the date of the incident.

How Can A Lawyer Help My Case?

In premises liability cases where injuries are minor, you may not need an attorney. However, for cases involving serious injuries the benefits of having an attorney are immense. For many premises liability cases it is not uncommon for a business or homeowner to either deny responsibility or low-ball damages. If you have a premises liability case in Marietta, Cobb County, Georgia, contact Williams Elleby. Our legal team will answer any questions you have and help you prepare a successful case. 833-LEGALGA